冷库是冷链物流行业中重要的基础设施之一。近年来，我国冷库保有量有所提高，但相较于庞大的市场需求仍不足。据中物联数据显示，2018上半年全国冷库需求超过150万平米，同比增长14.9%。目前，国内冷库需求主要集中在北上广深，以及福建、天津、浙江、江苏、山东、重庆、河南等地。
Cold storage is one of the important infrastructures in the cold chain logistics industry. In recent years, the amount of cold storage in China has increased, but it is still insufficient compared with the huge market demand. China's demand for cold storage in the first half of 2018 exceeded 1.5 million square meters, up 14.9 percent year on year, according to the China Federation of Materials Industry. At present, domestic cold storage demand is mainly concentrated in The north, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, as well as Fujian, Tianjin, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Chongqing, Henan and other places.

 

     冷库作为冷链物流中保鲜储藏环节的重要工具，关系到多个细分市场领域。其中，第三方物流企业多冷库需求最大，而食品加工企业需求最小。
As an important tool of fresh-keeping in cold chain logistics, cold storage is related to many market segments. Among them, the third party logistics enterprises have the largest demand for multi-cold storage, while the food processing enterprises have the smallest demand.

  

     上图中六个领域中的企业对冷库需求较大，它们的冷库需求主要因为：一是由于业务异地扩张，需要新的分拨仓；二是现租冷库合同到期或即将拆迁；三是季节性业务需求，临时需要冷库进行周转；四是出现新的入局者，重点城市需要冷库网点支撑。冷库需求日益增长，而冷库租赁市场的集中领域与需求集中领域相近。据不完全统计，2018上半年全国冷库可出租面积超过330万平米，同比增长12.1%。出租冷库范围主要集中在北上广深，以及湖北、山东、江苏、辽宁、山东、河南等地。
Enterprises in the six fields in the figure above have a great demand for cold storage, which is mainly due to the following reasons: 1. Second, the current lease cold storage contract expires or is about to be demolished; Third, seasonal business needs, temporary need for cold storage turnover; Fourth, the emergence of new entrants, key cities need cold storage network support. The demand for cold storage is increasing day by day, and the focus area of the cold storage rental market is similar to the focus area of the demand. According to incomplete statistics, in the first half of 2018, the lettable refrigerated storage area in China exceeded 3.3 million square meters, up 12.1 percent year on year. The rental scope of cold storage is mainly concentrated in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, as well as Hubei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shandong, Henan and other places.

　　通过冷库需求热图和冷库出租热图对比，可以看出国内冷库供需格局有以下特点：供需北上广等城市供需两旺。福建、浙江、贵州、河南等地需求旺盛且冷库存量不足。这些主要为二线省会城市，将面临新一轮经济的快速发展和消费升级，未来冷库市场将进一步扩大。
By comparing the heat map of cold storage demand with the heat map of cold storage rental, it can be seen that the domestic cold storage supply and demand pattern has the following characteristics: supply and demand are flourishing in cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Fujian, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Henan and other places with strong demand and cold storage inventory shortage. These are mainly second-tier provincial capitals, which will face a new round of rapid economic development and consumption upgrading, and the cold storage market will be further expanded in the future.

     湖北、湖南、山东等省市冷库相对过剩。首先在冷库的经营方面，要找准定位做到差异化。其次冷库过剩不仅仅是因为需求少，也可能是因为冷库本身满足不了需求。价格北京独一档最高价。北京冷库本来就相对紧缺，加上去年底开始的持续对非合规资质冷库的整顿关停，导致北京冷库资源紧俏，价格自然水涨船高;上海、南京、广州、深圳、海口、昆明等地冷库价格相对较高。其中前四个属于典型的一线或准一线消费城市，随着政策环境趋紧，冷库价格将进一步上涨。后两个城市由于自然气候以及产地属性等因素，冷库价格也趋于高位。大部分城市波幅不大，供需平衡。
Hubei, Hunan, Shandong and other provinces and cities cold storage relative surplus. First of all, in the operation of cold storage, we must find the correct positioning to achieve differentiation. Secondly, the surplus of cold storage is not only because the demand is low, but also because the cold storage itself cannot meet the demand. The price is the highest in Beijing. Beijing's cold storage is already relatively short, coupled with the continuous rectification and closure of non-compliant cold storage since the end of last year, leading to a shortage of cold storage resources in Beijing and a natural rise in prices; Shanghai, Nanjing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Haikou, Kunming and other places refrigeration prices are relatively high. The first four of them are typical first-tier or quasi-first-tier consumer cities. As the policy environment becomes tighter, the price of cold storage will rise further. The latter two cities due to natural climate and origin attributes and other factors, cold storage prices tend to high. In most cities, the fluctuation is small and supply and demand balance.

    价格都在2.5-3元之间，但像杭州、天津、成都、重庆等城市，随着需求的增加，冷库价格有上涨空间。少部分城市冷库价格不高。例如像银川、呼市、太原等，主要原因是消费升级速度相对较慢，经济水平一般，冷库市场不规范造成的。更多材料及分析均来自中商产业研究院发布的《2018-2023年中国冷库市场前景及投资机会研究报告》。
Prices are between 2.5-3 yuan, but in cities such as Hangzhou, Tianjin, Chengdu and Chongqing, with the increase in demand, the refrigerated storage price has room to rise. The price of cold storage in a few cities is not high. For example, in Yinchuan, Hushi, Taiyuan and other cities, the main reasons are relatively slow consumption upgrade speed, general economic level, and non-standard cold storage market. More materials and analysis are from the research Report on cold storage Market Prospects and Investment Opportunities in China 2018-2023 released by China Academy of Commerce.